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Question: List and briefly explain four significant functions of nucleotides in living organisms. Answer: 1. Building Blocks of Nucleic Acids: Nucleotides serve as the basic building blocks for constructing DNA and RNA, which carry genetic information and direct protein synthesis in cells. 2. Energy Carriers: Nucleotides like ATP play a significant role in energy transfer and storage within cells, providing energy for various cellular processes. 3. Cofactors for Enzymes: Some nucleotides act as cofactors or coenzymes for many enzymes, assisting in substrate binding, enzyme structure stability, and enzyme catalysis. 4. Intracellular Signaling and Communication: Nucleotides serve as important signaling molecules, such as cAMP and cGMP, facilitating communication between cells and initiating various cellular processes.